In this article, we will explore possible reasons why a refrigerator compressor may shut off shortly after starting, disrupting the proper operation of the appliance.
1. Faulty Connections or Loose Wires
Intermittent voltage supply caused by loose connections can cause the compressor to shut off.
- Check that all wires are secure and in good condition.
2. Inadequate External Voltage
Low power supply voltage can force the compressor to shut down due to increased current draw for self-protection.
- Use a multimeter set to AC voltage to measure the supply voltage.
- Consider using a voltage stabilizer if low values or fluctuations are detected.
3. Excessive Current Consumption
Higher-than-specified current consumption may indicate an issue.
- Measure current with a clamp meter and compare it to the RLA (normal running current) and LRA (starting current) values indicated on the compressor plate.
4. Faulty Overload Protector (Thermal Protector)
A defective thermal protector may unnecessarily disconnect the compressor.
- Remove the thermal protector and connect the power cable directly to the compressor’s common pin to check if the issue persists.
5. Damaged Compressor Coils
Worn or damaged coils can lead to overheating or short circuits.
- Measure resistance between the compressor pins using the Ohms scale on a multimeter. Values should be greater than zero and not infinite.
- For conventional compressors, the sum of resistances should match the measurements between the pins.
6. Issues with Inverter Compressors
In inverter compressors, the resistance between each pair of pins should be equal.
- Verify this with a multimeter.
7. Mechanical Damage to the Compressor
Faulty bearings or other mechanical issues can cause the compressor to seize, increase current consumption, and force a shutdown.
8. Damaged Start Capacitor
In conventional compressors, a damaged start capacitor can prevent the compressor from completing its cycle.
- Replace the capacitor if you suspect it is faulty.
9. Faulty Start Relay
A defective start relay prevents a conventional non-inverter compressor from maintaining enough energy to operate.
- Replace the relay if necessary.
10. Power Module Failure in Inverter Compressors
In inverter compressors, a malfunctioning intelligent power module can generate excessive current, causing the electronic control to shut off the compressor as a safety measure.
